Sum frequency generation (SFG) vibrational spectroscopy has been applied to investigate peptide and protein structures at interfaces, supplemented by attenuated total reflectance Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR). Various peptides and proteins including melittin, magainin 2, alamethicin, G-protein, fibrinogen, and tachyplesin I at various interfaces were studied in situ in real time. Systematic ways to deduce orientation distributions of interfacial α-helices, 3-10 helices, and beta-sheets have been developed.
|